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Wound healing of animal and human
body sport and traffic accident injuries using
low-level laser therapy treatment: a randomized
clinical study of seventy-four patients with control
group.
Simunovic Z; Ivankovich AD; Depolo A
Journal of clinical laser medicine & surgery; VOL: 18
(2); p. 67-73 /200004/
Department of Anesthesiology, La Caritá Medical
Center, Laser Center, Locarno, Switzerland. info@lasermedico.ch
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The main objective of
current animal and clinical studies was to assess
the efficacy of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on
wound healing in rabbits and humans.
STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the initial
part of our research we conducted a randomized
controlled animal study, where we evaluated the
effects of laser irradiation on the healing of
surgical wounds on rabbits. The manner of the
application of LLLT on the human body are analogous
to those of similar physiologic structure in animal
tissue, therefore, this study was continued on
humans.
Clinical study was performed on 74 patients with
injuries to the following anatomic locations: ankle
and knee, bilaterally, Achilles tendon; epicondylus;
shoulder; wrist; interphalangeal joints of hands,
unilaterally. All patients had had surgical
procedure prior to LLLT. Two types of laser devices
were used: infrared diode laser (GaAlAs) 830 nm
continuous wave for treatment of trigger points (TPs)
and HeNe 632.8 nm combined with diode laser 904-nm
pulsed wave for scanning procedure. Both were
applied as monotherapy during current clinical
study. The results were observed and measured
according to the following clinical parameters:
redness, heat, pain, swelling and loss of function,
and finally postponed to statistical analysis via
chi2 test.
RESULTS: After comparing the healing process between
two groups of patients, we obtained the following
results: wound healing was significantly accelerated
(25%-35%) in the group of patients treated with LLLT.
Pain relief and functional recovery of patients
treated with LLLT were significantly improved
comparing to untreated patients.
CONCLUSION: In addition to accelerated wound
healing, the main advantages of LLLT for
postoperative sport- and traffic-related injuries
include prevention of side effects of drugs,
significantly accelerated functional recovery,
earlier return to work, training and sport
competition compared to the control group of
patients, and cost benefit.
ose and
wavelength of laser light have influence on the
repair of cutaneous wounds.
Mendez TM; Pinheiro AL; Pacheco MT; Nascimento PM;
Ramalho LM
Journal of clinical laser medicine & surgery; VOL: 22
(1); p. 19-25 /200402/
IP&D, Univap & School of Dentistry, Universidade do
Vale do Paraíba, São José dos Campos, São Paulo,
Brazil.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to
compare histologically the effect of GaAlAs (lambda
830 nm, phi approximately 2 mm(2), 35 mW) and
InGaAlP (lambda 685 nm, phi approximately 2 mm(2),
35 mW) lasers, alone or in association with doses of
20 or 50 J/cm(2) on cutaneous wounds in the dorsum
of the Wistar rat.
Background Data: The healing time of surgical wounds
is of extreme importance and it is usually
associated with a post-operative period free of
infection and with less pain and inflammation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were
divided into seven groups: Group I - control
(non-irradiated); Group II - lambda 685 nm, 20
J/cm(2); Group III - lambda 830 nm, 20 J/cm(2);
Group IV - lambda 685 nm and lambda 830 nm, 20
J/cm(2); Group V - lambda 685 nm, 50 J/cm(2)); Group
VI - lambda 830 nm, 50 J/cm(2); and Group VII -
lambda 685 nm and 830 nm, 50 J/cm(2). The animals
were sacrificed 3, 5, and 7 days after surgery.
RESULTS: Light microscopic analysis using H&E and
Picrosírius stains showed that, at the end of the
experimental period, irradiated subjects showed
increased collagen production and organization when
compared to non-irradiated controls. Inflammation
was still present in all groups at this time.
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Effect of low intensity
helium-neon (He-Ne) laser irradiation on
diabetic wound healing dynamics.
Maiya GA; Kumar P; Rao L
Photomedicine and laser surgery; VOL: 23
(2); p. 187-90 /200504/
Department of Physiotherapy, MAHE
University, Manipal, India. ajmaiya@yahoo.com
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to
determine the effect of low-energy He-Ne
laser treatment on wound healing dynamics
(histological and biochemical) in diabetic
rats.
BACKGROUND DATA: Low-energy laser
photostimulation at certain wavelengths can
enhance tissue repair by releasing growth
factors from fibroblasts and can facilitate
the healing process of diabetic wounds.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A circular 4 cm2
excisional wound was created on the dorsum
of the experimentally (Alloxan)-induced
diabetic rats. In the study group (N = 24)
the wound was treated with He-Ne laser
(632.8 nm wavelength) at a dose of 4.8 J/cm2
for 5 days a week until the wound healed
completely. The control group (N = 24) was
sham-irradiated. The results were
statistically analyzed by an independent t
test for biochemical analysis and the
nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test for
histopathological parameters.
RESULTS: The analysis of the biochemical
parameters and histopathological parameters
of the wounds showed that the laser-treated
group healed faster and better as compared
to the control group (p < 0.0001). The
laser-treated group healed on average by the
18th day whereas, the control group healed
on average by the 59th day.
CONCLUSION: Laser photostimulation promotes
the tissue repair process of diabetic
wounds. |
Influence of low level laser therapy
on wound healing and its biological action upon
myofibroblasts.
Medrado AR; Pugliese LS; Reis SR; Andrade ZA
Lasers in surgery and medicine; VOL: 32 (3);
p. 239-44 /2003/
Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz
Foundation-Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
alenamedrado@hotmail.com
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In re-evaluating the
effects of laser therapy in wound healing, the role
of extracellular matrix elements and myofibroblasts,
was analyzed.
STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cutaneous wounds
were inflicted on the back of 72 Wistar rats. Low
level laser was locally applied with different
energy densities. Lesions were analyzed after 24,
48, 72 hours and 5, 7, and 14 days. Tissues were
studied by histology, immunohistochemistry, and
electron microscopy.
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT)
efficacy in post-operative wounds.
Herascu N; Velciu B; Calin M; Savastru D; Talianu C
Photomedicine and laser surgery; VOL: 23 (1);
p. 70-3 /200502/
National Institute of Research and Development for
Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 1 Atomistilor St., PO Box
MG5, 077125, Magurele-Bucharest, Romania.
herescu@inoe.inoe.ro
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper was to investigate
the efficacy of low-level laser radiation (LLLR)
with wavelength of 904 nm on the stimulation of the
healing process of postoperative aseptic wounds
(early scar).
BACKGROUND DATA: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has
been increasingly used to treat many disorders,
including wounds. However, despite such increased
clinical usage, there is still controversy regarding
the efficacy of this wound treatment in curent
clinical practice. METHODS: LLLT has been used to
treat cutting plague in the right instep and on the
left foot. Both resulted from sutured wounds. The
clinical evaluation by semiquantitative methods is
presented. RESULTS: Clinical evaluation showed that
the healing process of these postoperatively treated
wounds has occurred and that the functional recovery
of the patients (i.e., return to their ordinary
life) was faster than without treatment.
CONCLUSION: LLLR with wavelength of 904 nm to
stimulate postoperative aseptic wounds (early scar)
is efficient in both cases of cutting plague.
Temperature-controlled 830-nm
low-level laser therapy of experimental pressure
ulcers.
Lanzafame RJ; Stadler I; Coleman J; Haerum B; Oskoui
P; Whittaker M; Zhang RY
Photomedicine and laser surgery; VOL: 22 (6);
p. 483-8 /200412/
The Laser Center, Rochester General Hospital,
Rochester, New York, USA. ray.lanzafame@viahealth.org
OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to evaluate the
effectiveness of near-infrared low-level laser
therapy (LLLT) treatment of pressure ulcers under
temperature-controlled conditions.
BACKGROUND DATA: Little information is available
regarding the potential thermal effects of
near-infrared photo-radiation during LLLT.
METHODS: Pressure ulcers were created in C57BL mice
by placing the dorsal skin between two round ceramic
magnetic plates (12.0 x 5.0 mm, 2.4 g, 1 K Gauss)
for three 12-h cycles. Animals were divided into
three groups (n = 9) for daily light therapy (830
nm, CW, 5.0 J/cm(2)) on days 3-13 post ulceration in
both groups A and B. A special heat-exchange device
was applied in Group B to maintain a constant
temperature at the skin surface (30 degrees C).
Group C served as controls, with irradiation at 5.0
J/cm(2) using an incandescent light source.
Temperature of the skin surface, and temperature
alterations during treatment were monitored. The
wound area was measured and the rate and time to
complete healing were noted.
RESULTS: The maximum temperature change during
therapy was 2.0 +/- 0.64 degrees C in Group A, 0.2
+/- 0.2 degrees C in Group B and 3.54 degrees C +/-
0.72 in Group C. Complete wound closure occurred at
18 +/- 4 days in Groups A and B
25 +/- 6 days in Group C (p
The influence of low-level laser
therapy on biomodulation of collagen and elastic
fibers.
Pugliese LS; Medrado AP; Reis SR; Andrade Zde A
Pesquisa odontologica brasileira =Brazilian oral
research; VOL: 17 (4); p. 307-13 /2003 Oct-Dec/
Department of Basic Science, Foundation for the
Development of Science, Salvador
The study of low-level laser therapy upon
extracellular matrix elements is important to
understand the wound healing process under this
agent. However, little is known about the
interference of laser light in relation to collagen
and elastic fibers.
Cutaneous wounds were performed on the back of 72
Wistar rats and a Ga-Al-As low-level laser was
punctually applied with different energy densities.
The animals were killed after 24, 48, 72 hours and
5, 7 and 14 days. Tissues were stained with
hematoxilin-eosin, sirius red fast green and orcein
and then analyzed. It was observed that the treated
group exhibited larger reduction of edema and
inflammatory infiltrate.
The treated animals presented a larger expression of
collagen and elastic fibers, although without
statistical significance (p > 0.05). Treatment with
a dosage of 4 J/cm(2) exhibited more expressive
results than that with 8 J/cm(2). In this study, the
authors concluded that low-level laser therapy
contributed to a larger expression of collagen and
elastic fibers during the early phases of the wound
healing process.
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Effects of a therapeutic
laser on the ultrastructural morphology of
repairing medial collateral ligament in a
rat model.
Fung DT; Ng GY; Leung MC; Tay DK
Lasers in surgery and medicine; VOL: 32 (4);
p. 286-93 /2003/
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The
Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom,
Kowloon, Hong Kong. |
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Low energy laser
therapy has been shown to enhance mechanical
strength of healing medial collateral
ligament (MCL) in rats. The present study
investigated its effects on the
ultrastructural morphology and collagen
fibril profile of healing MCL in rats.
STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Thirty-two mature male Sprague-Dawley (SD)
rats were used. Twenty-four underwent
surgical transection to their right MCLs and
eight received only skin wound. Immediately
after surgery, eight of the MCL transected
rats were treated with a single dose of
laser therapy at 63.2 J cm(-2), eight were
treated with a single dose of laser therapy
at 31.6 J cm(-2), the rest had no treatment
and served as control. At 3 and 6 weeks
after surgery, the MCLs were harvested and
examined with electron microscopy for
collagen fibril size, distribution, and
alignment.
RESULTS: Significant differences (P < 0.001)
were found in fibril diameters from the same
anatomical site and time period among
different groups. The mass-averaged
diameters of the laser-treated (64.99-186.29
nm) and sham (64.74-204.34 nm) groups were
larger than the control group (58.66-85.89
nm). The collagen fibrils occupied
42.55-59.78, 42.63-53.94, and 36.92-71.64%
of the total cross-sectional areas in the
laser-treated, control and sham groups,
respectively. Mode obliquity was 0.53-0.84
among the three groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Single application of low
energy laser therapy increases the collagen
fibril size of healing MCLs in rats.
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Photobiomodulation improves cutaneous
wound healing in an animal model of type II
diabetes.
Byrnes KR; Barna L; Chenault VM; Waynant RW; Ilev IK;
Longo L; Miracco C; Johnson B; Anders JJ
Photomedicine and laser surgery; VOL: 22 (4);
p. 281-90 /200408/
Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics,
Uniformed Services University of the Health
Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD
20814, USA. krb27@georgetown.edu
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of
photobiomodulation (PBM) on cutaneous wound healing
in an animal model of type II diabetes, Psammomys
obesus (Sand Rats).
BACKGROUND DATA: 632-nm light has been established
as the most effective wavelength for treatment of
cutaneous wounds; however, the inconsistent efficacy
of PBM may be due to inadequate treatment parameter
selection. METHODS: Using 632-nm light, an initial
series of experiments
were done to establish optimal treatment parameters
for this model. Following creation of bilateral
full-thickness skin wounds, non-diabetic Sand Rats
were treated with PBM of differing dosages. Wound
healing was assessed according to wound closure and
histological characteristics of healing. Optimal
treatment parameters were then used to treat type II
diabetic Sand Rats while a diabetic control group
received no irradiation. In order to elucidate the
mechanism behind an improvement in wound healing,
expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)
was assessed.
RESULTS: Significant improvement in wound healing
histology and wound closure were found following
treatment with 4 J/cm(2) (16 mW, 250-sec treatments
for 4 consecutive days; p < 0.05). The 4 J/cm(2)
dosage significantly improved histology and closure
of wounds in the diabetic group in comparison to the
non-irradiated diabetic group. Quantitative analysis
of bFGF expression at 36 h post-injury revealed a
threefold increase in the diabetic and non-diabetic
Sand Rats after PBM.
CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that PBM at an
energy density of 4 J/cm(2) is effective in
improving the healing of cutaneous wounds in an
animal model of type II diabetes, suggesting that
PBM (632 nm, 4 J/cm(2)) would be effective in
treating chronic cutaneous wounds in diabetic
patients.
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